3D luam ntawv vs cnc machining rau prototyping: ib qho kev txheeb xyuas kev sib piv raws cov kev tsis ntsuas thiab cov ntawv thov kev thov
Sau: Pft, shenzhen
Qhov kev kawm no sib piv 3D luam tawm (kev tsim khoom lag luam)}} Kuv) thiab CNC (khoos phis tawj rau cov peev txheej, cov qauv nyiaj txiag, thiab cov cim kev txiav txim siab. Quantitative cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov khoom raug, saum npoo av, cov khoom siv, thiab tus nqi tshuaj ib leeg tau muab tso ua ke}}}}} Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia CNC Machining ua tiav qhov kev ua qauv zoo dua (FDM) thiab DUA € {15} d luam tawm pom cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb (24-72 teev) rau cov ntu geometrality complex seem vuam versus cnc (48 -120+}} sijhawm), tshwj xeeb yog nrog teeb tsa ntau dua peb taus. Tus nqi tsom xam qhia cov ntaub ntawv cnc yog kev lag luam tau zoo rau qis {}} cov qauv sib xyaw), thaum kuv muab cov nqi qis rau cov polymers thiab cov geometries thiab complex geometries. Thawj txoj kev txhim kho muaj kev txiav txim siab Matrix xyaw ua ke kev txwv cov khoom siv, geometric complexity, thiab batch loj hicolds. Kev txwv suav nrog cov khoom siv txwv tsis pub siv rau cov neeg tshiab uas yog cov khoom siv uas muaj kev sib xyaw thiab tshuab {{{}}}}} kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb. Pom cov kev xaiv ua pov thawj-raws li kev xaiv hauv cov khoom tsim khoom lag luam.
1 Taw qhia
Prototyping tseem ceeb rau kev tsim kho kev tsim kho kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm tsim nyog. Thaum lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D (AM) tau saws surged, CNC Machining khaws cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no tsis muaj kev sib piv siv cov qauv kev siv cov qauv qauv sib txawv thiab cov khoom siv geometries. Txoj kev kawm no nyob qhov sib txawv no los ntawm kev ua kom pom qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov tseeb, cov khoom zoo, cov khoom siv txhua yam, thiab tus nqi. Kev ntsuas tsom rau cov chaw ntsuas hluav taws xob (piv txwv li, SLS rau AM; 3 {{{{{{{{{{{{{}
2 vibkos
2.1 sim tsim
Ib qho kev tsim qauv ntsuas tau ntsuas ob qho kev ywj pheej ywj siab:
Txheej Txheem Hom:AM (FDM, SLS) vs. cnc (3-axis, 5-axis)
Cov Khoom Siv Cov Chav Kawm:Polymers (Abs, Nylon 12) Vs. Hlau (Al 6061, SS 316L)
Kev ywj pheej sib txawv muaj suav nrog sab qhov tseeb (ISO 2768), OntM D6387),}}} part), thiab lub sijhawm (tshuab).
2.2 Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Tshawb Nrhiav
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb:40 ntsuas cov quav (ib qho ISO / ASTM) tsim thiab ntsuas siv cov tshuab ntsuas tes (CMM, MITUTYOO Crysta (Taylor hobson surtonic S-128).
Cov ntaub ntawv theem nrab:120 datasets muab rho tawm los ntawm scopus - cov ntaub ntawv sau cia, lim rau cov phooj ywg {}. Tshuaj xyuas kev ua raws thiab tshuab ntsuas.
2.3 Kev Ntsuas Cov Qauv
Tus Qauv Them:Tag Nrho Tus Nqi=(tshuab tus nqi × sijhawm) + Cov khoom siv nqi + (Labor Retret lub sijhawm)
Txoj kev nyuaj Performance index:Ib qho kev nyuaj ntsuas ntawm cov metric raws li cov ceev thiab undercut yuav tsum tau (hloov kho los ntawm [1]).
Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Siv Anova (=0.05}) thiab Tukey HSD Rau Pab Pawg Sib Piv (Minitab V21).
Kev Tshaj Tawm Cov Lus Qhia:Daim Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Kuaj Xyuas tag nrho (cov ntaub ntawv STAR), ntsuas kev cai, thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib tw, thiab cov ntaub ntawv nyoos muaj nyob hauv Daim Ntawv Ntxiv A-C.
3 cov qhab nia thiab tshuaj ntsuam
3.1 kev ua tau zoo thiab nto
CNC Machining tsis tu ncua outperformed am nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb qhov tseeb thiab nto tiav thoob plaws cov ntaub ntawv (rooj 1). Multi - Axis CNC tiav kev zam nyob hauv ± 0.25 mm rau cov hlau, hos slueas sLs nruab nrab ± 0.25 hli.
Rooj 1: Qhov tseeb qhov tseeb thiab qhov chaw sib piv ntawm nplaim roughness sib piv
| Kev ua | Khoom | Avg. Kam rau (hli) | Nto roughness (RA, μm) |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNC (5-axis) | AL 6061 | ±0.025–0.05 | 0.4–1.6 |
| CNC (3-axis) | Ss 316l | ±0.05–0.10 | 0.8–3.2 |
| Tus kab laug ss | Nylon 12 | ±0.20–0.30 | 10–15 |
| FDM | Abs | ±0.30–0.50 | 12–18 |
3.2 cov khoom siv neeg kho tshuab
CNC Chaw Pom 15-25% Ntau Dua Tensile lub zog vim yog Isotropic Microstructure piv rau Fayed AM. Anisotropy hauv FDM seem txo z {}} Axis lub zog los ntawm 30-50% tiv thaiv cnc {}} tshuab}
3.3 Lub sij hawm coj thiab tus nqi
Am txo cov hmoov txhuas lub sijhawm los ntawm 40-70% rau cov geometries complex (Daim duab 1). CNC tseem them tus nqi -} Nws tau ua tau zoo rau cov qauv hlau (<5 units), while AM dominated for polymer parts and batch sizes >10 units vim li cas rau ntawm - xoom lub sijhawm teeb tsa.
Daim duab 1: Cov Sij Hawm Coj Lub Sij Hawm Vs. Geometric Complexity Index
* (Kab ntxwv nkhaus qhia tau tias yog lub sijhawm nyob ruaj khov, thaum lub sijhawm CNC lub sijhawm nthuav dav tshaj tawm index {}}}}}}}}}}}}) *
Cov teeb meem tshiab:Txoj kev tshawb no qhia tau tias qhov ntau ntawm qhov loj me uas pib (bₜ) qhov twg kuv yuav ua lag luam:Bₜ=(cnc Teeb tus nqi) / (yog tus nqi xauj tsev - CNC Chav Nqi)Cov. Rau cov 6061 qhov, bₜ ≈ 8 units.
4 kev sib tham
4.1 Txhais lus ntawm qhov tsis sib xws
Saif CNC qhov tseeb stems los ntawm cov roj nruj taws thiab cov khoom homogeneity. Kuv muaj kev txwv tshwm sim los ntawm txheej txheej txheem adesion, thermal distortion, thiab finite daws teeb meem ntawm kev tso nyiaj / laser.
4.2 Kev Txwv
Cov khoom tau pom tau cov khoom siv tsis suav daws kuv cov composites tawm (piv txwv li, carbon- peek).
Kev xeem tsis simulate thermal / tshuaj lom neeg raug.
Tshuab hloov pauv (piv txwv li, Laser Fais fab calibration hauv SLS) yuav cuam tshuam rau kev rov ua dua tshiab.
4.3 Cov Ntsiab Lus Pom Qhov cuam tshuam
Siv CNC thaum:Kev Ua Phim <± 0.1 mm, RA <3.2 μm, lossis siab- d zog cov hlau.
Siv yog thaum twg:Cov nyom Inhibitional Inhibits CNC cuab yeej siv, txhuas lub sijhawm <48 hrs yog qhov tseem ceeb, lossis pob ntau dua li siv ntau tshaj bₜ.
Hybrid txoj kev mus (piv txwv li, Kuv nyob ze - Net Let cov duab + CNC tiav) ua kom zoo nqi / ua haujlwm rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
5 lub ntsiab lus
CNC Machining txawm muab cov khoom siv cov khoom siv cov khoom siv zoo dua thiab cov khoom siv polymer, nrog cov khoom siv polymer, nrog cov nqi sib xyaw ua ke. Ib qho kev txiav txim siab Matrix koom nrog Geometric Complexity, cov ntaub ntawv chav, thiab pob loj qhib cov txheej txheem xaiv. Kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej yuav tsum muaj nuj nqis ib puag ncig (piv txwv li lub zog / kg ntawm tiav ib feem) thiab tsim} Cov khoom siv tsav tsheb sib xyaw ua ke {} lub sij hawm muaj sijhawm.