1. Nto roughness: Cov qauv tsim qauv ntawm cov duab geometric kev lag luam sab nraud tsim los ntawm cov me me ntawm lub sijhawm peaks ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm zoo hlau. Nws yog tsuas yog tsim los ntawm trajectory ntawm tej cuab yeej nyob rau hauv zoo machining thiab manufacturing. Nws yoj qhov siab thiab lub teeb Qhov piv ntawm wavelengths feem ntau tshaj 1:50.
2. Nto waviness: tus tsim deviation ntawm daim duab geometric nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm tus tsim deviation ntawm macroeconomic geometric daim duab thiab cov nto roughness. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib txawv thiab kev co ntawm cov cuab yeej txiav, thiab qhov sib piv ntawm yoj qhov siab mus rau lub teeb wavelength feem ntau yog 1:50 txog 1:1000.
3. Nto ua kev ntxhib los mos: txoj hauj lwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam sab nraud ntawm qhov chaw, nws nyob hauv kev zoo machining thiab kev tsim qauv xaiv rau qhov sib xyaw nto, uas yog, kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub ntsiab txav thiab txav ntawm riam.
4. Nplaim: Cov teeb meem tshwm sim ntawm qee qhov ntawm cov hlau ua haujlwm zoo, feem ntau ntawm lawv tau tawg ri niab arbitrarily. Xws li burrs, tawg thiab khawb.
5. Lub cev thiab txhua yam khoom ntawm txheej txheej: Hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv zoo, ntau yam kev hloov pauv lub cev tau tshwm sim rau ntawm qhov chaw, ua rau kev hloov kho ntawm lub cev thiab lub cev ntawm cov txheej txheem txheej. Qhov tseem ceeb suav nrog peb theem hauv qab no: kev ua haujlwm txias txias ntawm txheej txheej txheej, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov txheej txheem alloy ntawm txheej txheej, thiab qhov seem hauv-situ kev nyuaj siab ntawm txheej txheej.