Cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws piav txog kev paub hauv kev lag luam hlau
Kev tsim qauv hlau yog qhov teb dav thiab cov nyom uas npog ntau theem los ntawm cov khoom siv raw rau kev tsim cov khoom kawg. Cov hauv qab no yog cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws txog kev paub ntawm kev lag luam hlau.
1, cov ntaub ntawv nyoos
Cov khoom siv raw rau cov hlau manufacturing tsuas yog los ntawm ore. Cov hlau uas nquag muaj hlau suav nrog cov ore hlau, tooj liab, bauxite, bauxite, thiab lwm yam uas tau txais cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem neeg tau txais los txhawm rau rho cov khoom siv hlau.
Hlau ore
Hlau Ore yog cov khoom tseem ceeb rau cov hlau. Hom hlau xws li cov hlau hlau muaj xws li hematite, magnetite, thiab lwm yam. Cov ntsiab lus hlau) ntawm cov ntsiab lus hlau) ntawm cov cim hlau) ntawm cov cim hlau tseem ceeb rau tus nqi thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov hlau. Cov ee qib hlau tuaj yeem txo kev siv zog thiab cov ncauj lus los txawv thaum lub sijhawm smelting.
Tooj liab Ore
Tooj liab g yog qhov chaw ntawm tooj liab ntau lawm. Muaj ntau hom tooj liab tooj liab lossis xws li chalcopyrite thiab chalcoprite. Tooj liab muaj kev coj zoo thiab thermal conductivity, thiab yog siv dav hauv teb xws li hluav taws xob, hluav taws xob, thiab kev sib txuas lus.
bauxite
Bauxite yog cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov txhuas. Aluminium yog lub teeb yuag thiab corrosion thiab corrosion- Cov hlau resistant uas yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam xws li aerospace, kev tsim khoom lag luam, thiab kev tsim kho. Bauxite undergoes muaj kev ua tiav los rho Alumina, uas yog tom qab ntawd tsim los ntawm electrolysis kom tsim txhuas.
2, hlau smelting
Hlau smelting
Steel smelting feem ntau adopts lub zog tawg converter cov txheej txheem los yog kev txo cov hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob ncaj qha. Nyob rau hauv ib lub moj tej tawg, hlau are reacts nrog coke thiab limestone thaum muaj cov hlau molten. Lub Molten Hlau yog tom qab ntawd noj rau hauv lub converter, qhov twg impurities raug tshem tawm thiab tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg tau hloov kho los ntawm cov txheej txheem oxygen kom tau txais cov hlau molenen. Molten Steel yog tsim rau hauv cov hlau billets lossis hlau los ntawm cov txheej txheem xws li nruam casting lossis ingot casting.
Tooj liab smelting
Cov hau kev loj ntawm tooj liab smelting yog pyrometallurgurgy thiab hydrometallurgy. Pyrometallurgical smelting yog cov txheej txheem ntawm melting thiab refining tooj liab gye ntawm qhov kub khov, uas yog tom qab siv hluav taws xob tau txais siab- turity tooj liab. Ntub Smelting yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tooj los ntawm tooj liab los ntawm cov hau kev xws li electrolysis.
Aluminium smelting
Aluminium smelting tsuas yog lees txais electrolysis txoj kev. Dissolve alxide nyob rau hauv Molten Cryolite electrolyte, siv tam sim no los ntawm electrolytic mroup, prepipitate txhuas kua ntawm lub Cathoo, thiab tsim oxygen rau ntawm anode. Txhuas kua yog ntxuav kom huv, nrum thiab lwm cov txheej txheem los tsim txhuas kev noj haus lossis cov khoom txhuas aluminium.
3, Hlau Ua
chaw ua casuming
Casting yog cov txheej txheem ntawm pouring kua hlau mus rau hauv pwm thiab ua kom zoo rau nws ua cov duab. Casting tuaj yeem tsim cov chaw nrog cov duab nyuaj thiab qis seem qhov tseeb yuav tsum tau ua. Cov txheej txheem casting suav nrog cov xuab zeb casting, tuag - castteting, peevtstum, thiab lwm yam.
kev zam
Forging yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev thov siab rau tus hlau billet rau ntxias cov tshuaj ntsuab zoo nkauj, uas ua rau cov duab uas xav tau thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv. Forging tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog thiab tawv ntawm cov hlau, thiab feem ntau siv hauv kev tsim cov khoom uas muaj peev xwm tiv taus cov khoom siv hnyav thiab cuam tshuam.
dov
Dov yog txheej txheem ntawm extruding hlau bilts los ntawm rolling mills, ua rau lawv dhau los ua nyias, ntev dua, thiab ua ib tus ntoo khaub lig - seem ntawm cov duab. Dov yog lub ntsiab txuj kev tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov khoom hlau xws li cov paib, kav dej, thiab xov hlau, thiab xaim.
kev yeem
Cia li nyem yog cov txheej txheem ntawm tso cov hlau txuas rau hauv lub qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau los ntawm cov pwm, ua ntau yam duab ntawm profiles. Extrusion yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom ntawm tsis- ferrous hlau profiles xws li txhuas alloys thiab tooj liab alloys.
vuam
Vuam yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev koom nrog ob lossis ntau cov hlau txuas ua ke los ntawm cov cua sov lossis siv nias siab. Muaj ntau txoj kev vuam ntau, xws li arc vuam, argon tiv thaiv vuam, thiab lwm yam vuam siv nyob rau hauv liaj teb xws li hlau qauv kev tsim khoom thiab xa hluav taws xob.
4, Khoom thiab kev siv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau
Hlau Khoom Muaj Khoom
Cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau suav nrog cov khoom siv tshuab hluav taws xob (xws li cov khoom siv tsis sib haum, thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg (xws li kev ua yeeb yam (kev zam txim, kev ua yeeb yam, thiab lwm yam. Cov khoom sib txawv hlau muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv, yog li ntawd nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xaiv cov ntaub ntawv hlau uas haum haum rau hauv cov ntawv thov sib txawv.
Daim Ntawv Thov ntawm Cov Ntaub Ntawv Hlau
(1) hlau
Hlau yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau feem ntau siv hauv liaj teb xws li kev kho tshiab steel thiab stainless hlau tau txuas ntxiv daim ntawv thov cov hlau.
(2) Tooj thiab tooj liab alloys
Copper and copper alloys have good conductivity, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance, and are commonly used in electrical, electronic, communication, refrigeration, and other fields. Piv txwv li, tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloys muaj ntau yam hauv cov khoom xws li cov xov hlau xws li cov xov hlau thiab cov cable, thiab cov hloov pauv kub.
(3) txhuas thiab aluminium alloys
Aluminium thiab aluminium alloys muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm, muaj zog, thiab tau siv dav hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam, tsim kho tsheb, thiab lwm thaj chaw. Aluminium alloy lub qhov rooj thiab lub qhov rais, txhuas hlau log, aerospace cov txheej txheem, thiab lwm yam yog cov khoom siv txhuas alloy cov khoom lag luam.
(4) Lwm yam hlau thiab alloys
Ntxiv rau cov hlau, tooj liab, thiab txhuas, muaj ntau yam hlau thiab cov pob zeb tshiab muaj ntau yam, thiab cov ntawv sau tseem ceeb thiab cov ntawv sau tseem ceeb hauv qee cov kev cai tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, Titanium thiab titanium alloys muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog siab, thiab yog siv dav hauv teb xws li aerospace thiab khoom siv kho mob; Magnesium thiab magnesium yog ib qho ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo hlau cov txheej txheem, nrog cov kev cia siab rau cov chaw xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob.
5, Txoj kev txhim kho ntawm kev lag luam hlau lag luam
thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis
Nrog kev nce qib nruam ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis, kev lag luam hlau kuj tseem txuas ntxiv thev naus laus zis. Smelting tshiab thev naus laus zis, kev tshawb nrhiav thiab cov kev tshawb fawb yuav ua tau zoo, txo cov nqi ntawm kev siv hlau, txo qis kev muaj kuab lom.
Ntsuab Raug
Tawm tsam lub backdrop ntawm nce ntiaj teb ib puag ncig ib puag ncig, kev lag luam hlau tau tsiv mus rau ntawm kev tsim khoom ntsuab. Los ntawm kev siv lub zog - kev txuag thev naus laus zis, thiab kev siv hluav taws xob thiab cov pa hluav taws xob ua haujlwm hauv cov txheej txheem hlau siv tau, ua tiav kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov.
Ntse tsim
Kev tsim tau ntse yog ib txoj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb rau kev lag luam hlau yav tom ntej hlau. Los ntawm kev qhia cov ntaub ntawv thev naus laus zis, kev tsim kho cov neeg siv tshuab, kev tswj hwm kev ua tau zoo thiab cov khoom lag luam zoo, thiab txo cov nqi zog thiab txo cov nqi zog thiab txo cov nqi zog.
Muaj Txhim Kho Txhim Kho
Kev lag luam hlau lag luam yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau cov khoom tsim kho kom txhim kho cov khoom ntxiv thiab kev sib tw ua lag luam. Cov lag luam yuav nce kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho siab, tsim kev hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv thiab ua tiav cov kev hloov pauv mus rau qhov kev tsim khoom zoo.
Hauv ntej, kev lag luam hlau yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam hauv tebchaws, thiab txhim kho tib neeg cov qauv nyob, thiab ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg hauv tebchaws. Nrog kev nce qib nruam ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis thiab kev hloov pauv hauv kev lag luam, kev lag luam hlau txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv rau kev nce qib ntawm tib neeg lub neej.