Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm machining, nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus ua workpiece deformation vim ntau yam machining tsis raug los yog lwm yam tsis ncaj ncees lawm kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm processors. Qhov teeb meem no nyuaj los daws. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, peb yuav tsum txiav txim siab txog qhov ua rau deformation, thiab tom qab ntawd ua kev ntsuas los daws nws. Yog li ntawd, dab tsi yog lub ntsiab tseem ceeb uas yooj yim ua rau workpiece deformation nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm machining?
1. Workpiece deformation tshwm sim los ntawm workpiece clamping
Dab tsi yog yam tseem ceeb uas yooj yim ua rau workpiece deformation hauv machining?
Workpiece clamping yog ib qho yooj yim ua rau workpiece deformation. Txhawm rau zam qhov deformation no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xaiv qhov tsim nyog clamping taw tes, thiab tom qab ntawd xaiv qhov tsim nyog clamping quab yuam raws li txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub clamping point. Yog li ntawd, lub clamping taw tes thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub workpiece yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom deb li deb li sai tau, kom lub clamping quab yuam ua ntawm kev txhawb nqa, thiab lub clamping taw tes yog ze rau lub machining nto, yog li nws tsis yooj yim rau deformation.
Thaum lub clamping quab yuam ua rau ntawm lub workpiece, qhov sib lawv liag ntawm lub clamping quab yuam yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab thiab lub clamping quab yuam yuav tsum tsis txhob loj dhau. Txhawm rau kom sib npaug ntawm qhov txiav, lub clamping quab yuam yuav tsum tau siv thaum kawg. Nws tseem yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau nce qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm lub workpiece thiab lub fixture los yog siv lub axial clamping quab yuam. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los daws cov clamping deformation yog los txhim kho qhov nruj ntawm qhov chaw. Qhov nce ntawm qhov chaw sib cuag ntawm lub workpiece thiab fixture yuav pab txo qhov deformation ntawm lub workpiece nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem clamping.
2. Workpiece deformation tshwm sim los ntawm workpiece khoom thiab qauv
Lub deformation yog ncaj qha proportional rau cov duab complexity, ntev dav piv thiab phab ntsa thickness, thiab yog ncaj qha proportional rau lub nruj thiab stability ntawm cov khoom. Yog li ntawd, thaum tsim cov khoom, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm workpiece deformation yuav tsum raug txo kom ntau li ntau tau. Hauv particular, cov qauv ntawm cov khoom loj yuav tsum tsim nyog. Ua ntej ua tiav, hardness, looseness thiab lwm yam tsis xws luag yuav tsum tau nruj me ntsis tswj kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm qhov khoob thiab txo qhov deformation ntawm lub workpiece.
3. Workpiece deformation tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm machining
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem txiav, lub workpiece raug rau lub txiav quab yuam, uas ua rau lub phenomenon ntawm txiav cuab tam. Qhov no yog qhov elastic deformation nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub zog. Txhawm rau daws qhov teeb meem deformation no, cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem txhim kho, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov kev sib txhuam ntawm cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm, txhim kho lub peev xwm txias ntawm workpiece hauv cov txheej txheem txiav, thiab txo qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv ntawm lub workpiece.
4. Workpiece deformation tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntxhov siab tom qab machining
Workpiece deformation tshwm sim los ntawm workpiece machining
Tom qab machining, ib feem nws tus kheej muaj qhov sib npaug hauv lub xeev kev ntxhov siab. Txawm hais tias cov duab ntawm ib feem yog qhov ruaj khov nyob rau lub sijhawm no, qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv yuav hloov tom qab tshem tawm qee cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev kho cua sov, yog li nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum rov ua kom qhov sib npaug ntawm lub zog. Hauv qhov no, nws yuav tsum tau txhim kho, uas tuaj yeem daws tau los ntawm kev kho cua sov. Quav lub workpiece uas yuav tsum tau ncaj nraim mus rau qhov siab, nias lub cuab yeej rau hauv lub tiaj tiaj, thiab tom qab ntawd muab cov cuab yeej thiab cov khoom ua haujlwm rau hauv lub qhov cub cua sov ua ke, thiab xaiv cov cua kub sib txawv thiab lub sij hawm raws li cov khoom sib txawv. Tom qab thermal straightening, cov qauv sab hauv ntawm lub workpiece tuaj yeem nyob ruaj khov. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, lub workpiece tsis tsuas yog siab ncaj, tab sis kuj tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm hardening, uas yooj yim rau kev ua tiav ntawm qhov chaw.
5. Cov ntsiab lus
Rau cov workpieces uas yooj yim rau deform nyob rau hauv machining, kev txhim kho yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub dawb paug thiab ua technology. Cov ntsiab lus saum toj no yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas yooj yim ua rau workpiece deformation hauv machining. Thaum kev cob qhia cov neeg ua haujlwm machining, tag nrho cov tshuab machining loj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas kom cov neeg ua haujlwm nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas ua rau cov khoom ua haujlwm deformation.